Programming Using C

UNIT I: Introduction to Programming

• History and Importance of C
• Structure of a C Program
• Keywords, Identifiers, Constants and Variables
• Data Types and Type Modifiers
• Operators: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment, Increment/Decrement
• Input/Output Functions: printf(), scanf()

UNIT II: Control Statements

• Decision Making: if, if-else, nested if, switch-case
• Looping Statements: for, while, do-while
• Jump Statements: break, continue, goto, return
• Problem Solving using Control Structures

UNIT III: Functions and Storage Classes

• User-defined Functions
• Function Declaration and Definition
• Parameter Passing (Call by value)
• Recursive Functions
• Storage Classes: auto, static, extern, register

UNIT IV: Arrays and Strings

• One-dimensional and Multi-dimensional Arrays
• Character Arrays and Strings
• String Handling Functions: strlen(), strcpy(), strcat(), strcmp()
• Command Line Arguments

UNIT V: Pointers and Structures

• Basics of Pointers
• Pointer Arithmetic
• Pointers and Arrays
• Structures: Definition and Uses
• Union, typedef, and Enumerations
• Dynamic Memory Allocation: malloc(), calloc(), realloc(), free()

UNIT VI: File Handling and Preprocessor

• File Operations: fopen(), fclose(), fprintf(), fscanf(), fgets(), fputs()
• Reading and Writing Files
• Preprocessor Directives: #include, #define, #ifdef, #ifndef

Header Files and Macros

• Understand the basic concepts of C programming, including syntax, data types, operators, and control structures used to develop simple computational logic.
• Apply arrays, strings, functions, and pointers to solve standard programming problems using modular and efficient code.
• Analyze and design real-life data models using structures, unions, and file handling techniques for data storage and retrieval.
• Implement dynamic memory allocation and advanced features of C to develop flexible and optimized programs.
• Debug, compile, test, and execute C programs using an integrated development environment with proper coding standards.
• Develop small-scale applications or mini-projects demonstrating complete problem-solving skills using the C programming language.

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